Hydraulic motor.



L. PURPURA.

HYDRAULIC MOTOR.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 22. 19M.

1 ,274, 588. Patented Aug. 6, 1918.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

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' L. PURPUR'A.

HYDRAULIC MOTOR.

APPLICATION men MAY 22. 1914.

Patented Aug. 6, 1918.

3 SHEETS -SHEET 2 3140mm Zzfiayza fla aura L. PURPURA;

HYDRAULIC MOTOR.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 22. 1914.

1,274,588. Patented Aug.'6; 1918.

/6 ,9U1676 9 3 SHEETS-SHEET 3. wc7 .5. 30 36' /g 54/ /6 ,7 ,3 v j] a a 1% Z5 I 24 3 26 m: Mann: PEYERs co.v Pmamuma. WASHING mu. 0. c.

- UNITED STATES PA E T OFFICE.

LIBORIO PURPURA, OF WHEELING, WEST VIRGINIA.

HYDRAULIC oron.

Specification of Letters Patent. 7 Patented Aug. 6, 1918..

Application filed Ma 22, 1914.. Serial No. 840,243.

tor, and being particularly directed to a motor of the reciprocating type,'utilizing water at ordinary house-service pressure as a motive power, whereby to permit the connection pf themotor to the usual house-service connections when the motor is desired for use.

The main object of the invention is the production of a motor including a cylinder casing and a reciprocating piston therein,

the piston being automatically reciprocated by the water pressure through a valve control, which is in turn governed by the water flow, the piston stems actingas service and exhaust channels, and the exhaust channel stem being formed to convert the reciprocating movement-into a rotary movement.

The invention in the preferred form of details will'be' described in the, following speci tication, reference'being had particularly to the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 is a perspective view of the motor complete.

Fig. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view through the motor proper, the valves being shown in the initial position.

F 3 is a broken longitudinal sectional view, showing the valves in the intermediate position. 1

Fig. 4: is a view similar to Fig. 3, showing the valves in the final position.

Fig. 5 is an elevation of one of the cylinder heads orca-ps. r

Fig. 6 is a section on line 66 of Fig. 2.

Fig. 7 is an end elevation'of the piston;

The improved motor, in its essential details, comprises a base'hpreifer-ably of the form shown, on which at one end is mounted the motor proper, the driving mechanism for the washing machine, or other operated device, being located at the opposite end The motor proper comprises a cylinder 2, the open ends of which are designed to be closed byremovable heads 3 of identical strucure. The heads are of cap formation, having comparatively deep annular flanges & to snugly tit the outer surfaceot the cylin der wall. Thezflanges a are provided with bosses 5 to receive tie rods 6, whereby the respective heads are removably secured in a water-tight manner to the cylinder ends. The flanges iare also provided with feet 7, of convenient form and adapted to be removably secured to the base 1,}to support the cylinderaboveand in spaced relation to the base. v

The cylinder 2 adjacent each end is formed on theupper side with an approximately tri-' angular projection S, of hollow constru tion.

open toward the adjacent end of the cylinder through a cylindrical opening 9, a flange 10 being formed at the inner end-of the opening. The projection is closed in the opposite direction, and is interiorly in communication with the cylinder 2 through aseries of openings 11 formed in the cylinder wall, as more particularly shown in Fig. .6, Each head 3 is formed with an outer enlargement 12, extending upwardly from the center. of

the head and projecting lengthwise the flange a. The enlargement-is formed with a bore 13, extending therethrough, said. bore communicating with the interior of the cylinder .2 through an openingll in the head.

The flange extending portion of the enlargement 12 extends in alinement with the project-ion '8, and'when the parts are connected, a short tube like member 15 is arranged between said enlargement and projection, the ends of said member bearing against the flange 10, and against a shoulder 16 ,formed by. enlarging the bore 13 on the part 12, suitablepacking rendering the connection water-tight. A water channel, hereinafter termed the Valve control channel, is thus formed at each end 'of the cylinder, said channel opening into the cylinder at remote points and arranged wholly beyond the cylinder.

r "A piston 17 is arranged for reciprocation within the cylinder, said piston comprising a cylindrical body suitably packed at 18 to prevent leakage around thesame, The pis ton is provided with oppositely projecting stems 19 and 20, both hollow, the former constituting as the service or inlet, and the latter as the exhaust channels for the motive fluid. The respective stems are passed through suitable packed openings 21 in the heads, the inlet stein being guided in itsreciprocation in a sleeve extension 22, pretenably forming part oi the packing gland for this end of the cylinder. The outlet stem is guided beyond the cylinder, as will later appear. Both stems are guided interiorly of the cylinder by limiting members secured in flanges encircling the openings 21, these limiting members having other functions to later appear. The stems are preferably integral with the piston and their bores lead to the center of the piston, being there divided by a partition 2%, the inlet channel 25 extending upwardly and the exhaust channel 26 extending downwardly, as shown.

The piston proper is formed adjacent each end with an annular channel, these channels cooperating with the valve control channels at the respective ends of the cylinder. As the piston receives an impulse from each end of the cylinder, the necessity for the duplication of the parts .is obvious, and is to be borne in mind for the following description. The annular channels, hereinafter referred to as 27 and 28 for convenience are identical, being of irregular formation in that they are of least depth at the extreme upper portion of the piston and of maximum depth at the diametricallv opposite point, the increase of depth being gradual and in both circumferential directions from the upper portions.

Intermediate the channels 27 and 28 the piston body is formed with an interior chamber 29 communicating at the lower end with the inlet channel 25 and opening at the upper end through the surface of the piston, as at 30. At the inner end the chamber aproximates the size of the channel and at the outer end the size of the maximum trans verse dimension of the projection 8.

The piston is formed in its upper portion with a valve bore 31 and in its lower portion with a valve bore 32, both extending longitudinally 01' the piston and opening through the ends thereof. A valve member 33 is, hereinafter termed the inlet valve, slidably mounted in the upper bore, said member comprising a centrally arranged solid valve disk 3% and end sections and 36 projecting in opposite directions from the disk. The sections are of cruciform shape in section to form Water channels lengthwise the same. The sections terminate slightly spaced from the disk 34, leaving a reduced stem section 37 oneach side of the disk, as shown. The valve bore 31 is enlarged throughout its central portion to snugly receive the disk 3%, the ends being reduced to slidably receive the sections 35 and 36, the reduced portion at one end being preferably a IBU'IOVfllJlE: nipple 38 to permit convenient removal of the valve member when necessary. The valve member is of greater length than the piston, so that one end or the other projects beyond the piston to permit the necessary operation, to be later described.

The valve bore 31 is closed to the chamber 29, except through an annular series of openings 39 formed in the bore wall in line with the chamber 29, as clearly shown in Fig. (3. The lower valve bore 32 communicates directly with the exhaust channel 26 and extends through and is at all times in open communication with the lower portions of the channels 27 and 28, as shown in Fig. 2. A valve member 4C0 hereinafter termed the exhaust valve, is slidably mounted .in the bore 32, said valve being of cruciform in cross section, and of greater length than the bore. The ends of the valve member are provided with a valve disk ll, adapted when in proper position to close one end or the other of the bore 32 against the entrance of water.

At each end of the cylinder and slidably mounted on the limiting members 23 are valve operating members 42. These members are identical and a detailed description of one will suffice for both. Each member 42 is in the form of a disk l3 having a forwardly or outwarulv projecting annular edge flange let bearing against the wall of the cylinder 2 and packed to prevent leakage. The disk 43 has also a central sleeve extension 45 slidably embracing the limiting member 23, and the latter has a stop flange 40 at the inner end to limit movement of the member 42 in that direction. The members l2 thus present hollow bodies opening toward the cylinder heads, and registering with the openings 14 of the valve control channels.

Beyond the exhaust end of the motor proper, the base 1 is provided with a bracket housing 47 supporting a shaft 48 of the washing machine, on which with the housing is arranged a gear 49. The exhaust channel stem '20 of the motor passes through and is guided in a hollow bearing 50 of the bracket 47, the stem having a lateral discharge pipe 51 to deliver the exhaust flow from the motor. The stem 20 continues beyond the pipe 51 in solid form, and is constructed to provide a gear rack 52, meshing with and reciprocatingly rotating the gear 4:9 in the operation of the motor.

The detail of the washing machine mechanism is not important to the present in ven tion and the illustration is merely conventional, being intended to include any type of mechanism capable of operation by the motor.

In operation, with the parts in the positions illustrated in Fig. 2, which is the initial or starting position, the water from any suitable source, as a faucet, is admitted through a flexible hose connection to the inlet channel, the hose bcing connected to the stem 19, as shown in Fig. 1. The water enterin the inlet channel finds its way through the chamber 29, and through openings 39 (the valve disk 3% being in advance of said openings 39) to the valve control channel,

and so throughthe opening 14 at the inlet 39, but the water will continue to reach the valve operating member through the chamber 29. The member l2 continues'its movement forcing the valve members 33 andeO to fully operative position, moving the disk 84; beyond the openings 39 and closing the end of the valve bore 32 by the head 41 of the exhaust valve. The water now flows past the section 35 of thevalve member 33 (owing to the cruciform shape of such section) and between the piston and operating member 12. Owing to the pressure behind it through valve control channel 13,7the member 42 is temporarily afixed member and the piston moves toward the exhaust end of the cylinder. As the piston moves it alines the channel 27 with the openings l1,and the pressure against the member 42 moves the latter to normal position, the expressed Water flowing through the channel 27 past the cruciform exhaust valve 40 and out the exhaust channel 26. All water on the exhausting side of the piston finds its way through the proximate end of the valve bore 32, the disk 41 of the exhaust valve being removed from its seat. The movement of the piston continues until reaching the exhaust end of the cylinder when the valve member section strikes the operating member 12. at this end of the cylinder which forces the valve member to its position described as initial or starting position, and

the exact operation just described is repeated. I v

A continual reciprocation of the piston isthus secured, the entire operation being automatic and completely and fully actuated by the water pressure, no springs or other,

motive accessories being used or needed.

By the specific arrangement described, all interior parts are readily accessible and removable for renewal or repair, this having a highly desirable advantage in devices of this class.

WVhat is claimed as new is: p 1

1. A hydraulic motor including a casing, a piston therein, valves controlling the admission of motive fluid to operate the piston, fluid operated means to actuate the valves, said piston being formed with a chamber and a series of ports to admit the fluid to said fluid operated means, one of the valves controlling said ports.

12. A hydraulic motor including a casing,

a piston mounted for reciprocation therein,

- hollow stems carried by the piston and eonstituting a motive fluid nlet and exhaust channels, the piston being formed with spaced annular channels at all times in open communication with the exhaust channel, and means carried by the piston to control the direction of thefluid from the inlet in one directionor other between the piston and casing,valves constructed and arranged to coiiperatewith said channels. I

3. A hydraulic motor including a cylinder, a'piston therein, motive-fluid control valves operable in the piston, and a valve operating member arranged in the cylinder and ope erated by the motivefluid. I 1

4;. A hydraulic motorincluding a cylinder, a piston therein, motive-fluid control valves'operable in the piston, and a valve operating member arranged in the cylinder and operated by the motive fluid, one of said valves operating to partly check the flow of the fluid to said member.

5. A hydraulic motor including a cylinder, a piston therein, motive-fluid control valves operable in the piston, and a valve operating member arranged in the cylinder and operthe piston, valve operating members at each end of the cylinder, means for delivering the motive fluid interiorly of the piston, the cylinder being formed with a valve control channel at each end, one of said valves in one position operating to partly check the flow of the fluid from the interior of the piston to said controlchannel.

v 7 A hydraulic motor including a cylinder, a piston therein, hollow stems carried by the piston and constituting inlet and exhaust channels, an inlet valve movably mounted in the piston and controlling the direction of fluid from the inlet to opposite sides of the piston, and an exhaust valve movably mounted in the piston, said piston being formed with an exhaust channel arranged in the outer surface thereof and in open communication with theexhaust channel of the stem, said piston channel being closed against the bore of the inlet valve and in open communication. with the bore of the exhaust valve, said exhaust valve being constructed and arranged to control comn'iunication between the exhaust valve bore and the cylinder.

SVA hydraulic motor including a cylinder, a piston therein, hollow stems carried by the aiston and constituting inlet and exhaust channels, an inlet valve movably mounted in the piston, and an exhaust valve movably mounted in the piston, each of said valves being in part of cruciform shape in section and directing the fluid from the inlet to opposite sides of the piston, said piston being formed with an exhaust channel arranged in the outer surface thereof and in open com-v munication with the exhaust channel of the stem, said piston channel being closed against the bore of the inlet valve and in open communication with the bore of the exhaust valve, said exhaust valve being constructed and arranged to control communication between the exhaust valve bore and the cylinder.

9. A hydraulic i'notor including-a cylinder, a piston therein, said cylinder being exteriorly formed to provide a valve control channel, the piston being formed with a chamber arranged to register with the inlet end of said channel, means for admitting motive fluid to the chamber, an inlet valve member movably mounted in the piston, the valve bore passing through the chamber and having its wall formed with openings to establish communication between the bore and chamber, a valve disk carried by said valve member to control said openings, and valve operating means actuated by the fluid passing through the control channel,

10. A hydraulic motor including a cylinder, a piston therein, said cylinder being cx teriorly formed to provide a valve-control channel, the piston being formed with a chamber arranged to register with the inlet end of said channel, means for admitting motive fluid to the chamber, an inlet valve member movably mounted in the piston, the valve bore passing through the chamber and having its wall formed with openings to es tablish communication between the bore and chamber and a valve disk carried by said valve member to control said openings, and a valve operating member to receive the motive fluid from the outlet end of said chan nels.

11. A hydraulic motor including a cylinder, a piston therein, said cylinder being exteriorly formed to provide a valve-control channel, the piston being formed with a chamber arranged to register with the inlet end of said channel, means for adn'iitting motive fluid to the chamber, an inlet valve member movably mounted in the piston, the valve bore passing through the chamber and having its wall formed with openings to establish communication between the bore and chamber and a valve disl: carried by said valve member to control said openings, and a valve operating member to receive the motive fluid from the outlet end of said channels, said valve member being of cruciform shape beyond the disk to permit flow of the motive fluid longitudimilly of the valve bore.

12. A hydraulic motor including a cylinder, a piston therein, said cylinder being exteriorly formed to provide a valve-control channel, the piston being formed with a chamber arranged to reg-ii er with the inlet end of said channel, means for admitting motive fluid to the chamber, an inlet valve member movably mounted in the piston, the

valve bore passing through the chamber and having its wall formed with openings to establish communication. between the bore and chamber and a valve disk carried by said valve member to control said openings, and a valve opera-ting member to receive the motive fluid from the outletend of said channels, and means for guiding and limiting movement of said member toward the piston.

13. A hydraulic motor including a cyl'in der, a piston therein, said cylinder being exteriorly formed to provide a valve-control channel, the piston being formed with a chamber arranged to register with the inlet end of said channel, means for admitting motive fluid to the chamber, an inlet valve member movably mounted in the piston, the valve bore passing through the chamber and having its wall formed with openings to es tablish conmumication between the bore and chamber and a valve disk carried by said valve member to control said openings, and avalve operating member to receive the motive fluid from the outlet end of said channels, and means for guiding and limiting movement of said member toward the piston, said means serving to limit movement of the piston toward the end of the cylinder.

ll. A piston for hydraulic motors including a body, hollow stems projecting in opposite directions thc'refrom, said piston being formed with an inlet valve bore and with an exhaust valve here, an inlet valve in its bore, an exhaust valve in its bore, said piston being formed with a circumferential exhaust channel closed against the inlet valve bore and in open communication with the exhaust valve bore, a chamber formed in the piston surrounding the inlet valve bore and in communication with the latter, said inlet valve bore and one of said hollow stems being in comm'unicatioi'l, and a valve disk carried by the inlet valve to control one of said communications, a channel in communication with said chamber, and valve actuating means to be operated by the fluid passing through said chamber and channel.

15. A piston for hydraulic n'iol'ors inclnding a body, hollow stems projecting in opposite directions therefrom, said piston being formed with an inlet valve bore and with an exhaust valve bore, an inlet valve in its bore, an exhaust valve in its bore, said piston being formed with a circumferential exhaust channel closed against the inlet valve bore and in open conmninication with the exhaust valve bore, a chamber formed in the piston surrounding the inlet valve bore and in communication with the latter, said inlet valve bore and one of said hollow stems being in communication, and a valve disk carried by the inlet valve to control one of said communications, both of said valves being in part of cruciftn'm shape in section, a channel in communication with said chamber, and valve actuating means to be operated by the fluid passing through said chamber and channel.

16; A piston for hydraulic motors including a body, hollow stems projecting in opposite directions therefrom, said piston being formed with an inlet valve bore and with an exhaust valve bore, an inlet valve in its bore, an exhaust valve in its bore, said piston being formed with a circumferential exhaust channel closed against the inlet valve bore and in open communication with the exhaust valve bore, a chamber formed in;

ated by the fluid passing through said chainber and channel. r

17. A piston for hyd aulic motors including a body, hollow stems projecting in opposite directions therefrom, said piston being formed with an inlet valve bore and with an exhaust valve bore, an inlet valve in its bore, an exhaust valve in its bore, said piston being formed with a circumferential exhaust channel closed against the inlet valve bore and in open communication with theexhaust valve bore, a chamber formed in the piston surrounding the inlet valve bore and in communication with the latter, said inlet valve bore and one of said hollow stems being in communication, and a valve disk carried by the inlet valve to control one of said communications, the remaining hollow stem being in open communication with the exhaust valve bore, a' channel in communication with said chamber, and valve actuating means to be operated by thefluid passing through said chamber and channel.

18. A hydraulicinotor comprising a cyl-' inder, a piston therein, hollow stems extending in OPPOSlEQ directions from, the piston and movably mountedin the cylinder ends,

a limiting member carried. by each end of the cylinder, valve operating member slidably mounted on each limiting member, an I inlet valve member mounted in a bore in the piston, the ends of said memberbeing of cruciform shape and adapted to beengaged by the valve operating members, thepiston being formed with a chamber surrounding the valve bore, the wall of said bore formed with openings in line with the chamber, and

a disk carried by the valve member to control said openings, said cylinder being formed with a control channel to establish communication between said chamber and valve-operating member in one position of the piston.

19. A hydraulic motor comprising a cylinder, a piston therein, hollow stems extending in opposite directions from the piston and movably mounted in the cylinder ends, a limiting member carried by each end of the cylinder, a valve operating member slidably mounted on each limiting member, an inlet valve member mounted in a bore in the piston, the ends of said member being of cruciform shape and adapted to be engaged by the valve operating members, the piston being formed with a chamber surrounding the valve bore, the wall of said bore formed with openings in line with the chamber, and a disk carried by the valve member to control said openings, said cylinder being formed with a control channel to establish communication between said chamber and valve operating member in one position of the piston, an exhaust valve mounted in a bore in the piston and adapted to be operated by the valve operating member.

20. A hydraulic motor comprising a cylinder, a piston therein, hollow stems extending in opposite directions from the piston and movably mounted in the cylinder ends, alimiting member carried by each end of the cylinder, a valve operating member slidably mounted on each limiting member, an inlet valve member mounted in a bore in the piston, the'ends of said member being of cruciform shape and adapted to be engaged by the valve operating members, the piston being formed with a chamber surrounding the valve bore, the wall of said bore formed with openings in line with the chamber, and

a. disk carried by the valve member to control said openings, said cylinder being formed with a control channel to establish COlnDiUnlCittlOn between said chamber and ialve-operatingmember in one position of the piston, an exhaust valve mounted ina bore in the piston and adapted to be operated by the valve operating member, said p ston being formed with a circumferential channel to establish communication between Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner's! Patents.

Washington, D. 0. i 

